Rotten Roots: What to Do When Your Plants Aren’t Alive Inside

Having healthy plants at home is every gardener’s dream, but a common problem can threaten your plant’s life: rotten roots.

This issue occurs when roots deteriorate due to poor growing conditions, such as overwatering or poorly drained soil.

While it’s a serious problem, it’s possible to save the plant with the right care. In this article, we will explain how to diagnose rotten roots, identify their causes, and offer effective solutions to restore the health of your plants.

What Are Rotten Roots?

Healthy roots play a vital role in absorbing nutrients and water from the soil and anchoring the plant in the substrate. When the roots begin to rot, the plant loses its ability to properly feed itself, which can lead to weakening and even death.

Root rot is typically caused by an unfavorable environment, especially overwatering or poorly draining soil, which creates conditions favorable for fungi and bacteria that attack the roots. Additionally, plants in containers with insufficient drainage are also susceptible to this problem.

How to Identify Rotten Roots?

First and foremost, it’s important to carefully inspect the plant. To check if the roots are rotten, follow these steps:

1. Remove the Plant from the Pot: Gently remove the plant from the pot to examine its roots.
2. Observe the Color of the Roots: Healthy roots should be firm and light-colored (white or yellowish). If the roots are dark, with shades of brown or black, or if they are soft, they are likely rotten.
3. Smell the Roots: If the roots emit a strong, unpleasant odor, it’s a clear sign of rot.
4. Test the Texture of the Roots: Healthy roots should feel firm and dense. Rotten roots will crumble easily to the touch and have a slimy or brittle texture.

Causes of Rotten Roots

The primary causes of root rot include:

• • • Overwatering: Overwatering is one of the leading causes of root rot. When water is not properly drained, it accumulates around the roots, preventing oxygen from reaching them and creating conditions for fungi and bacteria to develop.
    • Poorly Drained Soil: Heavy, clayey, or compacted soil hinders water and air flow around the roots. This can result in rot, as the roots sit in a waterlogged environment.
    • Lack of Drainage in Pots: If pots don’t have proper drainage holes or the holes are blocked, water will be trapped around the roots, increasing the risk of root rot.

How to Save Your Plants with Rotten Roots

If you identify rotten roots, don’t worry—there’s a good chance you can save your plant by taking the following steps:

1. Remove the Rotten Roots

The first step when you identify rotten roots is to cut away the affected parts. Use clean, sharp pruning shears to remove the soft, dark, or decaying roots. Make sure to remove all the damaged areas, but leave the healthy roots, which should be firm and light-colored.

2. Allow the Roots to Dry

After removing the damaged roots, let the plant rest in a dry, well-ventilated area for a few hours. This will help heal the cut areas and prevent fungi or bacteria from entering the healthy roots. If the problem was severe, you may consider applying a natural fungicide (like neem oil), but always consult a professional before using any substances.

3. Repot into Well-Draining Soil

Once you’ve cut away the damaged roots and allowed them to dry, it’s time to transplant the plant into a new pot with well-draining soil. Choose a lightweight, well-draining soil mix. A good combination might include garden soil, sand, and compost, or even specialized potting mixes for the type of plant.

• • • Avoid Heavy Soils: Heavier or clay-based soils should be avoided, as they don’t drain well and could exacerbate the problem.
    • Use the Right Pot: Ensure that the pot has proper drainage holes to allow water to flow freely, preventing water retention around the roots.

4. Adjust Watering Practices

One of the leading causes of root rot is overwatering. After repotting, adjust your watering schedule. The general rule is to allow the soil to dry out between waterings. To check moisture levels, stick your finger into the top layer of soil.

• • • Avoid Overwatering: Water the plant moderately and always ensure the excess water can drain freely. If possible, use a watering can with a fine spout to direct the water without soaking the roots.

5. Improve Environmental Conditions

In addition to correcting the roots and soil, it’s important to ensure the plant receives the proper conditions in terms of light and temperature. Avoid placing the plant in an area with extreme temperatures or excess humidity, as this can worsen the problem.

Preventing Rotten Roots in the Future

Prevention is always the best route, and several practices can help avoid the problem of root rot in the future:

• • • Use the Right Soil: Always use well-draining soil appropriate for the type of plant you’re growing.
    • Water Carefully: Water plants in moderation and allow the soil to dry out between waterings.
    • Check Pot Drainage: Ensure that the pot has adequate drainage holes. If the holes are blocked, clear any obstructions to allow the water to escape.
    • Use Well-Draining Substrates: If you struggle with compacted soil, add perlite or vermiculite to your mix to improve drainage.

Conclusion

Root rot can be a significant challenge for gardeners, but with prompt diagnosis and proper care, it’s possible to save your plant. The key is cutting away damaged roots, using well-draining soil, and adjusting watering practices. By following these steps and preventing future problems, you can keep your plants healthy and thriving.